Case Study Havaianas: A Brazilian Brand Goes Global Essay

Question 1: What variables could clarify the achievement of Havaianas in turning into a worldwide brand? 1.) Stable and very much created monetary foundation through acquisitions and extensions lead to an immense shoe piece of the pie * Sao Paulo Alpargatas exists since 1939, specialization in four specialty units: (shoes, outdoor supplies, modern material and retail) * Controling Shareholder (67%): Camargo Correa Group with activity in 20 nations * Acquisition of Companhia Brasileira de Sandalias (Dupã © brand) in 2006 prompts expanded offer in the Brazilian flip lemon advertise * Acquisition of 60% of Alpargatas Argentina to extend in Latin America 2.) Long understanding and expertise in assembling shoes and creating the extraordinary elastic * Own operational and calculated frameworkâ * Extension of the assembling plant in 2007 ( capacity to deliver 212 million sets of shoes every year) * Production in the upper east of Brazil, Santa Rita, so as to diminish costs, increment profitability and further smooth out the strategic system * Headquters in Camargo Correas Centro Empresarial to upgrade the authoritative procedures 3.) Product advancement * From one style with five hues to 509 new models of shoes and game footwear * Different structures and hues * Special releases 4.) Product properties * Low cost: moderate * Durability, strong * Comfortable * Trademark in 1962 * â€Å"shoes for the poor†, outside work (espresso bean pickers and blue collarâ workers), throughout the day shoes * For sweltering and sticky climate 5.) Repositioning of the brand (1994) * Before: one style and five hues, poor purpose of deals execution and practical based ad, picture of a modest item that can be purchased all over the place * â€Å"Havaianas Top†, coordinating sole and lash * in 13 hues * slight premium cost * publicizing demonstrating privileged buyers and big names wearing Havaianas * update through better bundling * new deals channels with increasingly enthusiastic setting * Continuous item advancement * Launch of new structures (80 styles) * Incorporation of world design patterns * Changing costumers * Opinion pioneers, VIPs and high society costumer wear Havaianas at home, however in numerous spots and events * Free exposure from fans (global design and celebrities) * International design magazines, catwalk, MTV Music Awards and the Hollywood Oscars 2003 * Communication * 12% of the turnover was spent for promoting * Buzz promoting and publicizing with electronic media * Local and global superstars * Online promoting, youtube recordings, †¦ * Co-marking: Havaianas was connected to environmental causes due to IPE constrained releases and restricted versions by popular craftsmen, that financed â€Å"favela† ventures Question 2: How far goes the organization as far as extending the brand? 1.) 1960 fare to Latin America 2.) 1990 the travel industry to Brazil expanded and Havaianas were brought home 3.) 1998 major fare to France * Europe (significant markets are Italy, Portugal, France, Spain, Switzerland, Netherlands) * At the Soccer World Cup of 1998 Havaianas with the Brazilian banner on the lash turned into a moment hit 4.) Communication procedure change * Europe, France * Independently oversaw markets (nearby business people) * European auxiliary to blend the brand system, promoting, item and value situating * In 2001 â€Å"Tudo Bem† was built up as an official shipper * Cooperation with guiding architects from style to extravagance * Sponsorships (occasions at in vogue discotheques, extravagant inns, exercise centers) * Customize your own Havaianas * US * Havaianas turned into a â€Å"must wear† * In 2004 â€Å"Style West†, elite wholesaler, prepared VIPs and planners each season with the most blazing hues * In 2007, section in the US showcase with a guerilla promoting technique * In request to get understudies, the brand must be genuine, over-advancement can make a brand less cool * The US advertise is very fascinating a direct result of the tremendous value, that costumers are happy to pay: up to $30 * Asia * Countries with the perfect Havaiana climate: Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand * Hot and moist climate and comparative footwear culture to Brazil * Philippines is the main market with a critical degree of deals * Reason of Haivaiana the fall flat: Large white collar class or beneath and many marked US, EU and Asian contenders just as modest and unbranded Chinese business visionaries * Japan * Fashion cognizant and sweltering and damp climate * Limited versions solely for Japan with Chiso * Advertising and buzz showcasing strategies 5.) 2007: 20.000 stores in more than 65 nations Main markets: Brazil, US, Australia, Latin America Question 3: How practical is their upper hand? 1.) Consumers love the â€Å"Made in Brazil factor† * This is one of the most practical variables of Havaianas’ upper hand as long as the positive Brazilian picture not changes 2.) Bigger size than its rivals: Economies of Scale * This achievement factor is difficult to reproduce and makes a maintainable upper hand just as a cost advantage * Production in the upper east of Brazil, Santa Rita, so as to diminish costs, increment profitability and further smooth out the calculated system * Headquters in Camargo Correas Centro Empresarial to improve the managerial procedures 3.) Bigger piece of the pie than its rivals: Expansion of the piece of the pie through the securing of other flip failure organizations * Due to the Economies of scaleâ * Due to promoting and marking 4.) Unique brand situating * Celebrities and sentiment setters have just adjusted the pattern, this upper hand is viable and powerful however just as long supportable as Havaianas are not supplanted by other footwear brands * Production in the upper east of Brazil, Santa Rita, so as to lessen costs, increment profitability and further smooth out the calculated system * Headquters in Camargo Correas Centro Empresarial to upgrade the regulatory procedures 5.) Continuous item development * Adaption to real propensities and patterns is the best insurance of keeping one’s notoriety and piece of the overall industry. 6.) Top-emit elastic formula * Sustainable upper hand as long as there is no better formula. 7.) Authentic solace and quality * Authentic picture not at any rate because of environmental cognizant co-marking. Havaianas have the greatest piece of the pie in light of the fact that their clients are persuaded of the quality, cost (in Brazil) and trendy enthusiastic worth. This bundle is one of the keys of the brand’s achievement and is just difficult to imitate of its rivals.

PSYC101 WorksheetTotal Points possible 100Place y Essays

PSYC101 WorksheetTotal Points conceivable: 100Place your first and last name, understudy ID and the date of your worksheet consummation in the spaces below.Student Name:Student ID: Date: This worksheet is expected by 11:55pm ET Sunday toward the finish of Week 6 of the course termYou may take a shot at it in front of its cutoff time however may not submit it before its relegated week. OVERVIEW:This worksheet requires unloading the key components of a distributed academic diary article and exhibiting APA source reference abilities, exercises you will take part in oftentimes in the consummation of an assortment of assignments including expositions, explore papers and writing surveys in future courses. To finish the worksheet, download and spare a duplicate of it with your first and last name in the record title, answer the inquiries and connect your finished duplicate. Citing isn't allowed. All answers must be composed as rewords, implying that you should rehash what you read in your o wn words, except for specialized terms, for example, the names of indicative tests. You are not required to source credit the article in your responses to the Section I Key Article Components questions. Area II, Source refering to and reference posting in APA position is the place you will show information on the most proficient method to effectively organize source crediting in APA style. Answers will be evaluated for exactness, meticulousness, clearness and right spelling and grammar.No substance of this report might be expelled or reordered. Answers must be embedded in the spaces gave. ================================================================================== Area I:KEY ARTICLE COMPONENTS 1. Past research and writers' reasons for leading their study100 word minimumAfter perusing the article's initial five passages, in the space underneath answer these two inquiries: What past research has been led on the article writers' equivalent or comparable subjects? What were their clarifications for why their investigation was needed?2. Research technique used50 word minimumIn the space underneath, portray the sort of research strategy that the article writers utilized in directing their examination and clarify why it was appropriate for an examination of their point (Ex: individual or gathering meeting, contextual investigation, lab controlled or naturalistic perception; organization of mental tests). Allude back to the course reading material section on look into techniques for a survey of strategy types and their motivations. 3. Members engaged with the investigation 100 word length minimumIn the space underneath, depict in story structure (records and sentence pieces can't be utilized) the attributes of the members associated with the exploration study directed by the article writers. What was the quantity of people who took an interest; where were they enrolled from; what were the member socioeconomics; were any member screening systems directed; what measures were utilized to figure out who partook in the examination and who didn't; were members paid or did they get some other sort of remuneration for being engaged with the investigation; and so on. Note: Some of the above data is given in the article's Measures area, so you will need to utilize both it and the Members and Procedures segments to address these inquiries. 4. Measures usedIn the space underneath, list the measures utilized in the article writers' investigation. 5. Information analysesIn the space beneath, list the information examinations used to investigate the information accumulated during the article writers' examination. Note: You don't need to know how the examinations are directed; just naming them is required here. 6. Study resultsIn the space underneath sum up the consequences of the examination led by the article writers. 7. DiscussionIn the space beneath, sum up the ends came to by the writers in the last seven passages of their article. What were their translations of the examination results? What confinements of their examination and required future research did they note?SECTION IISOURCE CITING AND REFERENCE LISTING IN APA FORMATTip: If required, instances of how to source credit in APA arranging style can be found in the Online Writing Lab, situated at https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/asset/560/01/The writers of the article are: Weili Lu, Philip T. Yanos, Steven M. Silverstein, Kim T. Mueser, Stanley D. Rosenberg, Jennifer D. Gottlieb, Stephanie Marcello Duva, Thanuja Kularatne, Stephanie Dove-Williams, Danielle Paterno, Danielle Hawthorne, and Giovanna Giacobbe.The article's title is: Public Mental Health Clients with Severe Mental Illness and Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: T rauma Exposure and Correlates of Symptom SeverityThe article was distributed in Volume 26, on

Anxiety Symptoms in Children

Anxiety Symptoms in Children More in Stress Management Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress It is usually expected that all children will experience some fear or anxiety from time to time. New situations, challenging tasks, and even unfamiliar people can all lead to some anxiety in most children. Other age-appropriate fears include: stranger anxiety beginning at 7 to 9 months of agefear of the dark, monsters, insects, and animals in preschoolersfear of heights or storms in younger school-age childrenworry about school and friends in older school-age children and teens It takes a little more than occasional anxiety, which can be normal, to indicate true symptoms of an anxiety disorder, though. Childhood Anxiety Symptoms As much as it is common to have occasional anxiety, it is also common for children to have anxiety disorders. In fact, anxiety disorders are more common than ADHD or childhood depression and are the most common psychiatric disorders in children. Children with true anxiety symptoms have them on most days and they can include: restlessnessfatiguetrouble concentratingirritabilitymuscle tensiontrouble sleeping (insomnia) As part of a diagnosis of a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), a child should have one of these symptoms for six months or more, and they should be triggered by more than one thing, such as being anxious about work, school, and friends. Also, a child with a generalized anxiety disorder will have trouble controlling her feelings of worry and it will cause her distress and some kind of impairment. For example, she may be so irritable from not sleeping that she is having trouble keeping her friends or her grades are dropping because she cant concentrate. Children with generalized anxiety disorder may also have somatic symptoms, such as headaches, abdominal pain, and muscle aches and pains. Fears and Phobias in Children In addition to a generalized anxiety disorder, children can have more specific phobias.? They become anxious and worried, but only after very specific triggers, such as a thunderstorm, spiders, being left alone, or going in a swimming pool, etc. Although these children may cry and may cling to their parents if they are around or think they will be around something they are really afraid of, fortunately, most kids outgrow this type of anxiety disorder. Other Anxiety Disorder Symptoms in Children Like adults, children can also have other anxiety disorders, which range from separation anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)  to panic attacks. While symptoms of separation anxiety are typically easy to recognize, a child who refuses to go to school, sleep alone, or go anywhere without a parent, other anxiety disorders can be a little harder to detect. Children with OCD, for example, may have either recurrent consuming thoughts or impulses (obsessions) about certain things or repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) that they perform, such as washing their hands a lot, checking things over and over, or repeating certain words or phrases to themselves. Although uncommon in children, panic attacks are another type of anxiety disorder that does become more common in later teen years. In addition to intense fear or discomfort, children having a panic attack should have four or more of the following symptoms: palpitations or a fast heart ratesweatingshakingfeeling short of breathfeeling chokedchest painnausea or abdominal paindizzinessnumbness or tingling (paresthesias)chills or hot flashesfear of losing controla feeling of unreality (derealization) or being detached from oneself (depersonalization) Of all of the anxiety disorders in children, selective mutism is perhaps the one that is most commonly overlooked, as people think these children are just extremely shy. Children with selective mutism actually refuse to talk though and may only talk to close family members at home. At school or in other situations, they often become anxious and very uncomfortable when they are expected to talk. What to Do If Your Child Experiences Persistent Anxiety Symptoms Your pediatrician, a child psychologist, and/or a child psychiatrist can be helpful if your child has persistent anxiety symptoms.

New Jersey Colleges SAT Score Comparison for Admission

Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis - 1082 Words

Born 1883 in Prague, to a middle class Jewish family, Franz Kafka earned his doctorate in law but was known for his many works of literature. Despite not having published his three major novels Kafka’s work is highly admired around the world especially his novella â€Å"The Metamorphosis.† The Metamorphosis is based on a salesman named Gregor Samsa, who lives with his family in an apartment near a busy city-street. Samsa was also known as the provider of his family, until he turned into a monstrous cockroach. Kafka uses Gregors transformation to infiltrate a more significant metamorphosis of Samsa’s family. It is Gregor who remains highly unchanged as the rest of his family endures extreme change from being dependent and sympathetic to independent and malicious. In the beginning Samsa’s family is terrorized by Samsa’s transformation and each has a different reaction towards the outcome, moreover start to act and treat Samsa differently due to his physical state as a cockroach. We first encounter change in Samsa’s family when Samsa reveals his new identity as a cockroach while he’s preparing for work , his mother screeched â€Å"Help, Oh please God, Help me!† as she backed up and left the coffee gushing all over the carpet (514). Gregor’s mother’s reaction indicates fear and that she no longer saw Gregor as her son but rather as a monster. Gregor’s mother isn’t the only one acting differently but also Gregor’s father. Gregor’s father is outraged and shows no remorse towards Gregor .Show MoreRelatedThe Metamorphosis Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis1663 Words   |  7 PagesIn The Metamorphosis Franz Kafka tells the story of a young man named Gregor who observes the radi cal changes in his life after transforming into an insect. Gregor’s life was centered on his job as a traveling salesperson and his family. One morning Gregor woke up transformed into an insect. Afraid of the transformation Gregor stays in his room and ignores calls from his family. When Gregor realized that his new body did not allow him to have a normal life, he tried to adapt. After his metamorphosisRead MoreMetamorphosis By Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis1496 Words   |  6 PagesIn Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis, Grete changes from a child into an adult while also trying to do the opposite with her own family. Gregor’s metamorphosis leaves her family without anybody money to pay for their needs. Consequently, Grete replaces Gregor and begins to cook and clean for her family and go to work. These jobs allow Grete to become more experienced and to mature. Similarly, Grete shows displays these changes by dressing more provocatively and becoming more interested in romance. HoweverRead MoreReview Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 958 Words   |  4 PagesBibliography of the Life of Franz Kafka There are several aspects about the writing of Franz Kafka that make it enticing to the reader and tantalizing enough to keep the reader intrigued. The narrative that I find most intriguing by Kafka is The Metamorphosis. The Metamorphosis is a tale wherein Kafka essentially gives his perception of the story of his life through the use of storytelling devices, which without the use of them would have made it a less interesting tale. Franz Kafka was born on July 3rdRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 3979 Words   |  16 PagesAustin Day Professor Imali Abala English 357 18 February 2015 The Theme of Alienation in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis The Metamorphosis written by Franz Kafka in 1915 is said to be one of the greatest literary works of all time and is seen as one of Kafka’s best and most popular works of literature. A relatively short novel; the story explains how the protagonist, Gregor Samsa wakes up one morning to find himself transformed into a vermin which completely estranges him from the world even moreRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 1087 Words   |  5 Pagesmercy were ignored. Franz Kafka’s novella is not about a dictator but it alludes to a person close to Franz that was as close to a dictator that he ever go to. Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, is about a young man that wakes up one day and is a vermin and has to maneuver around his home and come to terms with his six itchy legs. It probably sounds like a load of fictitious ramblings that somehow became a classical novel. Wrong! Look a little closer and the secret message Franz Kafka wrote for his fatherRead M oreFranz Kafka s The Metamorphosis882 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Metamorphosis† is a surreal story by Franz Kafka surrounding the transformation and betrayal of Gregor Samsa, who wakes up one day, reborn into a large insect. Along with the bizarre and nightmarish appearance of his new hard back, brown segmented belly, and many legs, Gregor only desire is to live a normal life, unfortunately, this is impossible because he struggles to even get out of bed. Gregor transformation into an insect is a vivid metaphor for the alienation of humans from around theRead MoreFranz Kafka s The Metamorphosis1222 Words   |  5 Pagestear you down. In Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis this destruction is what is seen in the Samsa family. Through what they believe to be necessary, Gregor’s family destroys the environment that he knows, Gregor Samsa destroys his family, and Mr. and Mrs. Samsa bring unnecessary destruction to both of their children. The very nature of Kafka’s The Metamorphosis is change and the effect on people. The first very obvious change is that of Gregor Samsa into a â€Å"monstrous vermin† (Kafka 3). However, oneRead MoreFranz Kafka s The Metamorphosis814 Words   |  4 Pages When Franz Kafka first penned his short novel The Metamorphosis in 1915, he had no idea that it would become one of the most influential pieces of fiction of the twentieth century, continuously being studied in colleges and universities across the Western world. The novel rotates around the life of a man named Gregor Samsa, who wakes up on a routine day, and suddenly finds himself transformed into an insect. As the story progresses, the reader can see how Gregor’s physical transformation triggersRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis1985 Words   |  8 Pagestruly seen? Does one view one’s external self, or do they see a reflection of past experience? Not many have the value of altruism, bu t some do. Sometimes altruism can turn extremist though, to the point where it can be a negative thing. In Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis, the main character Gregor Samsa is a workaholic that randomly one day awakens as a bug. Initially, Gregor sees himself with a condition, and then slowly tries to adapt to his bug transformation. Gregor did not put himself first when heRead MoreFranz Kafka s The Metamorphosis1630 Words   |  7 Pagesomnipresent in the context of Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis. Throughout the story, the Samsa family struggle to balance their own lives and the sympathy for Gregor, the only son, as his transformation from human to cockroach leaves a burden on the family and results in the loss of Gregor’s humanity. Despite the fact that Gregor had been the sole income of the family, the loss of humanity from becoming a cockroach was overwhelming to the family, resulting in selfish tendencies. Kafka displays how humans are

The case of walsall Free Essays

Introduction A literature reappraisal is research in the country subject which is gathered by surveies that already has been done in the capable country. It allows the apprehension of what sustainable rehabilitation is about and farther to derive more cognition on sustainable rehabilitation in de-industrialised metropoliss or towns and to place how it could perchance be improved. Additionally it is besides at that place to assist recognize and separate any countries of the chosen topic, which has non been acknowledged. We will write a custom essay sample on The case of walsall or any similar topic only for you Order Now This will be an chance to lend to bing consciousness in this subject country. Sustainability and Urban Development The chosen country in which the literature reappraisal will concentrate on is sustainable rehabilitation in de-industrialised metropoliss. First, I would wish dressed ore on understanding the significance of sustainability. What is sustainability? Sustainability can be defined as or described as the quality of life/lifestyle in a community. It is the drawn-out being and use of planetary resources to maintain the environment in good form without endangering the hereafter of coevalss to come. Sustainability arises in three chief countries such as environmental facets, socio economic facets and economic system. Sustainability in environment focal points on the Earth ‘s natural environment. This facet of sustainability is directed at the betterments on the environment for better or worse. It besides focuses on the usage of natural resources. Additionally it is combined with the other two factors societal and economic facets. Social development normally refers to betterments in both single wellbeing and the overall societal public assistance, that result from additions in societal capital – typically, the accretion of capacity for persons and groups of people to work together to accomplish shared aims. Sustainable development should or ought to continue and heighten all utile capital stocks which include natural capital. However the saving of capacities of an person obtained through instruction and shared perceptive and values and socially held cognition are likewise of import. Reducing exposure and keeping the wellness ( i.e. , resiliency, energy and organisation ) of societal a nd cultural systems, and their ability to defy dazes, is of import. Enhancing human capital ( through instruction ) and beef uping societal values, establishments and equity will better the resiliency of societal systems and administration. Many such harmful alterations occur easy, and their long-run effects are overlooked in socio-economic analysis. ( Munasinghe 2007 ) Economic sustainability seeks to maximise the flow of income that could be generated while at least keeping the stock of assets ( or capital ) which yields this income. Yokels 1946 argued that people ‘s maximal sustainable ingestion is the sum that they can devour without impoverishing themselves. Addressing these three factors to better economic system, societal and environmental issues can non be addressed individually. The ground for this is because solutions to one job may take to a farther job in another. For illustration making or developing low-cost lodging can be a good cause nevertheless if the lodging is built far from workplaces or conveyance links it becomes a job which may take to an addition in vehicle use, pollution and traffic. Therefore to make a sustainable community all these links need to be taken into history with one another. The Brundtland Commission officially known as the World Commission on Environment and Development ( WCED ) was created to do people cognizant of and turn to the job affecting the diminution of the human environment and natural resources. ( Wikipedia, 2009 ) The committee was set up by the United Nations to look at the environmental issue which was known as the Brundtland study. This study came up with the term ‘Sustainable Development ‘ which is defined as: ‘Sustainable development is the development that meets the demands of the present without compromising the ability of future coevalss to run into their ain demands ‘ . ( WCED, 1987 ) Presumably this statement suggests that concentrating on current coevals groups to utilize resources which wo n’t forestall future coevalss from populating their ain lives. Sustainable development is besides a fixed end of authorization and the general populace. The belief signifies a affair needed to be addressed for the hereafter in footings of public assistance and chances for future development. However the affair of sustainable development seems far from solved, particularly in this economic crisis where one time the handiness of capital for regeneration and reclamation is now non readily gettable. Urban growing was one of the most powerful and permeant geographical procedures impacting the western universe in the center of the 20th century, each twelvemonth the figure of people and occupations in the metropoliss rose and the major metropolitan Centres consolidated and enhanced their portion of national population and economic activity. Growth farther occurred in areal footings as metropoliss expanded their suburbs into the environing countryside. Conversely, small towns and little towns had small locational entreaty both for residential intents and for industry, so that extended rural countries were characterised by stagnancy and diminution. Established metropoliss throughout the western universe are losing population and occupations as the balance of societal and economic chance has moved off from metropoliss and in favor of rural countries. There are many factors today that are indexs of impairment such as interior urban decay, offense, unemployment. These indexs are of societal economic, political and fiscal cloth of the metropolis to make a de-industrialised metropolis. The economic crisis of today will impact the sustainability program. However there might be positive results of this crisis directed to green companies as they can take the chance to utilize the media as a manner of demoing the public new schemes of going more ‘sustainable ‘ . This manner of thought could perchance ‘restore a grade of public assurance in a private sector that has seen its credibleness take a terrible banging in recent months. Therefore, foregrounding long-run environmental considerations is crucially of import. It may be said that this is merely showing merely a little grade of the economical crisis of how it affects sustainable factors, nevertheless John Whalley from The Centre for International Governance Innovation ( CIGI ) suggests that holding a balance between both Environmental aims and economic aims is of import during this fiscal crisis. Therefore looking at both facets of the fiscal crisis could perchance help today ‘s sustainable development in metropoliss under the economic lag. The economic recession easy slipped up at the beginning of the twelvemonth 2008 which has now turned into a drawn-out period. ( Coaffee 2009 ) states that the finance available for regeneration is likely to be significantly curtailed, at least from traditional beginnings, with many semi- completed regeneration strategies mothballed. Therefore Coaffee 2009 suggests besides that this twelvemonth capital for regeneration is likely to be restricted in usage particularly with traditional beginnings nevertheless big scale regeneration undertakings have non been put to a arrest but been slowed down possibly to happen thought through solutions to last the economic downswing. Although the CIGI believe that maintaining both elements of economic and fiscal aims in head is indispensable at this clip. Sustainable Rehabilitation and Urban Renewal Sustainable rehabilitation focuses on the ‘treatment ‘ of towns or metropoliss which were extremely developed with industry how are no longer lasting. In add-on the demand to better economic growing is important to run into the demands of societal and environmental elements. In the issue of Urban Studies in 2006 provinces that it is hard to specify with lucidity what urban resurgence. ( Governa, 2009 ) The common component that links together the assorted significances is that the urban revival is defined against, in resistance to a period of diminution. For many old ages within Europe, metropoliss were identified as the topographic points typically confronting the greatest economic and societal jobs ( Turok and Mykhnenko, 2007 ) . Nevertheless metropoliss at the same time strive to accommodate economic growing, dynamism and creativeness with the ugly apparition of societal and spacial exclusion and increasing degrees of segregation and inequality. This statement suggests that metropoliss make every attempt to decide economic growing and activity with the unpleasant factor of societal segregation and favoritism but besides with the bar of infinite. Possibly it indicates that metropoliss are seeking to better the competition they have with each other but at the same clip they are seeking to run into the societal and environmental demands they face. In contrast Turok ‘s and Mykhnenko ‘s position now suggests that metropoliss are presently seen as ‘drivers of invention, creativeness and productiveness growing in advanced service- oriented economic sciences ‘ . ( Turok and Mykhnenko, 2008 ) Therefore Turok and Mykhnenko ‘s statement identify that invention and advanced communications are primary motivations of today ‘s metropoliss enabling people and to work together, making an active metropolis that drives creativeness, draws nomadic capital and ability, and signifiers enlargement from within. Additionally metropoliss are besides thought to incorporate the cultural verve, societal substructure, consumer comfortss and calling picks to assist parts and states attract the accomplishments and endowment required to bring forth and work cognition and thereby construct dynamic competitory advantage ( HM Treasury 2006, OECD 2006 ) . When new towns are developed or built, they are normally thoughtfully designed to be close or in propinquity of bing or neighboring metropoliss and towns. This so enables the periphery or boundary line of the new towns to unify with the bing towns and metropoliss. Additionally transport links set up connexions between the metropoliss or towns doing the land more popular to develop increasing the stretch of land. Urban decay seems to be a natural effect of the growing of a metropolis. Khakis statement straight concerns the decay of metropoliss to be a natural consequence. However there might be a figure of factors which cause metropoliss to disintegrate. Possibly facets such as forsaking of edifice, high rate of unemployment, offense, depopulation and many others can do this issue to distribute over a metropolis or town. Urban reclamation is a process which occurs by worsening constructions which are enhanced or bettered through a assortment of technique which range from constructing modernization to redevelopment and renovating. Through comprehensive and incorporate vision and action, urban reclamation purposes to decide urban jobs and convey about an digesting betterment in the economic, physical, societal and environmental conditions of a spoilt country which has been capable to alter. The reinforced environment is a merchandise of an incremental decision-making procedure. Rehabilitation, nevertheless, offers a cheaper, quicker and less socially upseting option to better the quality of constructing stock. From the environmental position, rehabilitation is a more sustainable attack to urban reclamation because rehabilitation generates less building and destruction waste compared with renovation. An illustration of a metropolis which has faced both diminution and reclamation is Glasgow. The metropolis suffered from the Post World War I recession and besides faced the ‘Great Depression ‘ . This was a period during the 1930 ‘s where the full universe suffered from terrible economic depression. Although the metropolis faced these issues it improved by the epidemic of World War II. Glasgow had a deficiency of investing and invention which of course led to these factors to turn overseas such as Japan. This resulted in Glasgow to come in a long period of economic diminution and ‘de-industrialisation ‘ . When something every bit terrible as this affects a metropolis it leads to high degrees of unemployment, urban decay and a major lessening in population. In Western Europe, where land is much less in supply and urban countries are by and large recognised as the drivers of the new information and service economic systems, urban regeneration has become an industry in itself, with 100s of bureaus and charities set up to undertake the issue. European metropoliss have the benefit of historical organic development forms already concurrent to the New Urbanist theoretical account, and although derelict, most metropoliss have attractive historical quarters and edifices ripe for renovation. In the suburban estates and metropoliss, the solution is frequently more drastic, with 1960s and 70s province lodging undertakings being wholly demolished and rebuilt in a more traditional European urban manner, with a mix of lodging types, sizes, monetary values, and term of offices, every bit good as a mix of other utilizations such as retail or commercial. One of the best illustrations of this is in Hulme, Manchester, which was cleared of 19th-century lod ging in the 1950s to do manner for a big estate of tower block flats. During the 1990s, it was cleared once more to do manner for new development built along new urbanist lines. Causes of Decline Most surveies of urban alteration, decay or diminution dressed ore on the effects of urban transmutation instead than their implicit in causes. The terminal consequence is that most theories of urban alteration provide merely a partial penetration into what is a complex procedure. ( Roberts 2000 ) Robert indicates that urban alteration or diminution has merely been researched to a grade nevertheless it is a really complex subject country and process. He besides indentifies that the research done stresses ‘negative demographic and societal tendencies and the causal function of economic factors peculiarly industrial restructuring in chase of maximizing returns including deindustrialisation, globalization and economic concentration as forces for economic structural alteration and the jobs of accommodating to new demands of economic activities and factor restraints ( including handiness of land and edifices ) . ‘ The manner metropoliss and towns are involved economic structural alteration vary. The local economic system and economical construction of the town is normally governed by big concerns. Depending on how advanced or ‘new ‘ the merchandise of the concern is, invention plays an of import portion. This is because if the occupation type requires a high skilled individual to work, this usually leads to a lower local economic system as non everyone has the accomplishments needed for the occupation. Therefore the big graduated table industries are the concerns to confront the largest possibility of economic diminution which leads to de-industrialisation. Urban Regeneration Urban Regeneration is besides referred to as Urban Renewal transpires when the societal, economic and physical features of ignored countries have been improved and reconstructed utilizing a scheme which will be after to better an country. A typical regeneration development is usually lodging developments, dock side or waterside development undertakings. Urban Regeneration non merely focuses on the physical side on the country but besides embarks upon the societal and economic issues present every bit good. However Urban Regeneration undertakings require extended fiscal input from both public and private sectors. Lang 2005 believes that ‘Urban Regeneration implies an incorporate position on jobs, potencies, schemes and undertakings within the societal, environmental, cultural and economic domain. This statement shows that Lang assumes that these factors which are incorporated with Urban Regeneration are societal, environmental and economic factors. These factors are likewise driven by Sustainability every bit good. Furthermore Roberts 2000 defines Urban Regeneration as a ‘ comprehensive and incorporate vision and action which leads to the declaration of urban jobs and which seeks to convey about a permanent betterment in the economic, physical, societal and environmental status of an country that has been capable to alter ‘ . However the official definition of Regeneration from the Office of Deputy Prime Minister ( ODPM ) is: ‘the holistic procedure of change by reversaling economic sciences, societal and physical decay in countries where it has reached a phase when market forces entirely will non do ‘ . ( ODPM 2003 ) Therefore regeneration signifiers portion of one of the three countries of legal act. This is now where Urban Regeneration moves off from reclamation, development and revival. Robert 2000 believes that Urban Regeneration implies that all attacks should be constructed with a longer-term, more strategic intent in head ‘ . Therefore there should be a strategic docket to why the regeneration should take topographic point which are seen as cardinal characteristics. There is another definition described by Couch and Fraser 2003 who explain that ‘Urban Regeneration is concerned with in re-growth of economic activity where it has been lost ; the Restoration of societal map where there has been disfunction, or societal inclusion where there has been exclusion ; and the Restoration of environmental quality or ecological balance where it has been lost ‘ . This mentality would possibly work where there is vacant or creaky land in which new edifice could be built nevertheless Urban Regeneration is about using schemes in bing countries instead than making new towns and metropoliss. This could so accommodate the three factors of sustainability, a demand to societal, economic and environmental issues. Understanding the intent of Urban Regeneration in the UK, one needs to understand the policies which are set in the UK. ‘Regeneration is seen as a measure frontward from the commercial manner of the renovation policy in the 1980 ‘s, where the Conservative authorities has consciously imitated the American scheme of trusting on private market mechanisms instead than upon public intercession to revitalize its metropoliss and urban countries. ‘ ( Parkinson, Judd 1988 ) Roberts 2000 believes that ‘Urban Regeneration can be delivered as a comprehensive and incorporate vision and action which leads to the declaration of urban jobs and which seeks to convey about a permanent betterments in the economic, physical, societal and environmental status of an country that has been capable to alter ‘ . Therefore the three chief points that involve regeneration are the economic, societal and environmental province of an country. However the inquiry is what is economic, societal and environmental decay? Urban regeneration follows through and beyond the procedure of physical alteration, urban development and urban revival. Roberts 2000 believes that Urban Regeneration implies that ‘all attacks should be constructed with a longer term, more strategic intent in head ‘ significance that when planning or edifice methods to develop regeneration, it is of import to maintain in head a more tactical intent where the long term effects are positive. Neighborhood Renewal aims to better the quality of life for those life in the most deprived countries by undertaking, Poor occupation chances, High offense degrees, Educational under-achievement, hapless wellness and jobs with lodging and their local environment. ( Communities and Local Government UK ) The poorest of vicinities are faced with or more likely to endure with sick wellness, offense and even unemployment. Therefore Neighborhood reclamation is to gyrate out of the decay and convey back life into the community. It is about working from the grassroots to present economic prosperity and occupations, safer communities, good instruction, nice lodging, improved physical environment and better wellness, every bit good as furthering a sense of community among occupants. ‘ ( Communities and Local Government 2007 ) Poverty has become more concentrated in single vicinities and estates than earlier, and the societal exclusion of these vicinities has become more pronounced. ( Social Exclusion Unit 2000 ) Deprivation besides works against attempts to resuscitate metropoliss and protect the countryside from development. Poor services undermine religion in the political procedure. And there is an consequence on societal coherence as immature people and people from cultural minorities are both disproportionately likely to populate in disadvantaged vicinities ( people from cultural minorities are over-represented quadruple ) . ( Social Exclusion Unit 2000 ) .Therefore the attempts to resuscitate a metropolis or country can besides do want. Poor installations and aid can take to peoples trust in the political system weak and deteriorate. Neighbourhood reclamation is about linking communities together. Regeneration has become a tool applied to about all urban countries in the UK, speed uping in the past decennary in analogue to bust growing in the belongings market. ( Urban Regeneration in the UK ) The craze of edifice in the UK towns and metropoliss is non merely a merchandise of economic growing, but reflects broader demographic displacements with in the UK population. Peoples are populating longer than of all time before and at the other terminal of the age graduated table, people are waiting longer to hold kids, both of which mean a lessening in mean family size which, combined with turning population, means that the figure of families is progressively rapid. As a consequence, the figure of families in England entirely is predicted to lift from merely over 21 million in 2004 to about 26.5 million in 2029 with 70 % of that addition taking the signifier of one individual families. ( Communities and Local Government, 2007 ) Culture- led regeneration and instance survey Culture- led regeneration undertakings are involved with the societal public assistance and the reclamation of communities associating public art and cultural development. However since the 1980s, a figure of local governments have adopted some signifier of per centum for art strategy, whereby all new edifices incorporate a quota of graphics. Public graphics has impacted and attracted many visitants which have become portion of the tourer and heritage industry. Regeneration through art truly works, but we will necessitate to look at it in 20 old ages clip to judge it. ( Peter Jenkinson ) The true regeneration is the regeneration of local people ‘s Black Marias and heads. ( David March, and Peter Jenkinson, Director of New Art Gallery, Walsall ) This type of regeneration or activity might be the design and building ( or re-use ) of a edifices for public or concern usage ( e.g. Baltic and Sage Music Centre in Gateshead, Tate Modern and Peckham Library in Southwark ; the renewal of unfastened infinite ( e.g. Gateshead, Liverpool, etc ) Culture-led regeneration can be understood as the usage of cultural undertakings to revitalize economically down metropoliss and parts. ( Middleton and Freestone 2008 ) Culture-led regeneration has been used extensively around Europe ( Gomez 1998 ; Keating and De Frantz, 2004 ; Miles, 2005 ) Examples of Culture-led Regeneration in the UK consist of the Tate Modern and Renzo Piano ‘s ‘Shard of Glass ‘ on the London Docklands, the Millennium Galleries and Winter Garden in Sheffield and renovation of Salford Quays. There has been adequate grounds to demo that many cultural-led regeneration programmes have been unsuccessful. Glasgow is frequently mentioned as a premier illustration. Jenkins 2005 provinces that the metropolis used its position as European Capital of Culture 1990 to conceal its working category heritage and socialist history doing bitterness and ill will amongst many dwellers. Doucet ( 2007 ) besides suggests that cultural regeneration can meet jobs if it is non supported by occupants, peculiarly those with a strong sense of local individuality. One survey which was based around cultural-led Regeneration was taken on Newcastle Gateshead strategy. The councils of Newcastle worked together to advance cultural selling to take to put Newcastle Gateshead as a top European finish for leisure, concern and touristry to make a new individuality for Tyneside and the wider part. During this period of culture-led regeneration the facets of the night-time economic system which promote the societal ingestion of intoxicant have been marginalised. Indeed some local politicians have publically condemned Newcastle ‘s image as a ‘Party City ‘ saying jobs with wellness, offense and intoxicant related upset. Writing in the Newcastle Evening Chronicle in February 2008 ( p. 45 ) , Coun. John Shipley stated that: The image of Newcastle as holding an flushing economic system based on intoxicant ingestion should be a thing of the yesteryear†¦ it ‘s really of import we create a caf A ; eacute ; -style civilization†¦ we are seeking to alter Newcastle ‘s image to one that is inclusive for everyone. The acceptance of such schemes in Newcastle and Gateshead can be seen as a clear effort to travel off from the part ‘s propertyless industrial image and make a new cosmopolite, international individuality rich in civilization, scientific discipline and engineering. Even the NewcastleGateshead ‘s failed command for European Capital of Culture 2008 has done small to decelerate the gait of alteration and degree of investing in cultural undertakings throughout the part. During the method of this instance analyze the attack taken to carry on consequences was a quantitative method. Fifty-two interviews were carried out with members from all four boroughs of Gateshead, Newcastle, North Tyneside and South Tyneside. The interviews remained informal but really structured focussing on the research subject. Their chief research inquiry was based around: The altering nature of the socio-economic landscape of Tyneside. The individuality of parts and how it has changed over the old ages and thirdly The sentiments on recent cultural and scientific developments Respondents clearly felt that culture-led regeneration developments had a narrow focal point on a professional middle-income, middle-class demographic, hence excepting a big proportion of lower-income people from the part. In this context they did non see culture-led regeneration as profiting them in any manner and that culture-led regeneration efficaciously existed for other people, a position similar to that proposed by Peter Eisinger ‘s ( 2000 ) in his survey of metropoliss in the US. Peoples may hold developments taking topographic point in their metropolis under culture-led regeneration strategies, but do non needfully experience that they benefit anything from this. Whilst Miles ( 2004 ) believes that Newcastle and Gateshead provides the environment for the cultural events and developments to sit merrily alongside the traditional dark clip economic system, this research suggests that this is non needfully the instance. Local dwellers with a strong sense of local individuality are going progressively disenfranchised with cultural developments and, as experienced in Glasgow, may good go more vocal in their unfavorable judgments. Miles, S. ( 2004 ) ‘NewcatleGateshead Quayside: Cultural investing and individualities of opposition ‘ , Capital A ; Class, 81, pp.183-189. How to cite The case of walsall, Essay examples

Informative Speech free essay sample

To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about four kinds of fruits which provide health benefits that affect the brain: cherries, blueberries, grapes and apples. Central Idea Those fruits increase blood circulation, which can increase the nutrients and oxygen delivered to the brain. Attention material A. Can’t remember where you put your keys? Blanked in your new classmate’s name? B. The brain fruit will help you improve your brain.II. Orienting material A. A 2005 study published in Neurology found that each additional piece of fruit consumed decreases stroke risk by 11 percent. B. Researchers believe the mechanism of action is the blood pressure and cholesterol lowering effect of the active compounds found in fruit. Transition: Let’s begin with cherries, a favorite fruit of many people. BODY I. Cherries have a low glycemic index, which means they contain low levels of sugar compared with other fruits. A. Fruits that contain high levels of sugar spike an insulin reaction when consumed, which causes the sugar to quickly vacate the blood. We will write a custom essay sample on Informative Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page B.Blood sugar highs and lows create high mental energy followed quickly by brain fatigue. C. In contrast, fruits like cherries with low sugar content, maintain a steady level of energy that helps sustain mental function, according to website AskDrSears. com. Transition: The second fruit, blueberries-delicious and good for health. II. Blueberries can help improve and regenerate cognitive functions in the brain, according to United States Department of Agriculture. A. Aging causes cognitive decline in most people as they age B. For years, the scientific community believed the brain cells once dead could not be revived. C.However, blueberries polyphenolic compounds may help regenerate brain cells. Transition: I will move to another delicious fruit. III. Polyphenols in grape skins may help prevent cognitive decline and Alzheimers disease, according to CBC News. A. The website recommends drinking grape juice three times per week to maintain or improve cognitive function. B. The juice may be freshly squeezed, or a purchased 100 percent fruit juice product may be used. C. Avoid selecting fruit juices that are made from concentrate because they contain water, which dilutes the benefits of the fruit juice, and sugar, which may have harmful effects. Informative Speech free essay sample The Gondola is one of the most well-known and romantic images portraying Venice. It is the most famous Venetian vessel and also considered the most elegant means of transportation. III. Architecture A. St. Mark’s square is the center of life in Venice. It’s a popular meeting place where people can stroll, listen to music, browse in the shops in the plaza, or feed the great number of pigeons in the square. B. El Campanario is the bell tower of St. Marco Square. This bell tower is actually a copy of the original bell tower which collapsed in 1902. C. The St. Marks Basilica, also known as the â€Å"Church of Gold†. This masterpiece is of Byzantine architecture and was built in 830 A. D. It was originally a chapel for the leaders of Venice. The basilica contains magnificent mosaics and represents Venetian wealth and power. D. The winged lion has long been a traditional symbol of Venice. We will write a custom essay sample on Informative Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The wing lion is a metaphorical representation of Mark the Evangelist, who is the protector and patron saint of the city. Naturally the image of the lion, the king of beasts, also represents strength, pride, might and the capacity to administer peace and justice. E. The Rialto Bridge is a famous attraction in Venice and was built in 1588. The Bridge is one of three bridges that go across the Grand Canal. IV. Venetian Glass A. The art of making Venetian glass is rather complex. B. The glass is made using a lampworking technique. The glass is made from silica, which becomes liquid at high temperatures. As the glass passes from liquid to a solid state, there is an interval where in the glass is soft before it hardens, allowing the artists to shape the material. Conclusion: Venice has excellent food and wine. The art in the square is breathtaking. I could spend all day in St. Marco square taking photos. I took over 1200 pictures of Venice. Venice is full of relaxation, culture, history, tradition, stimulation, and creativityt Informative Speech free essay sample If not, I will start my speech with a Chinese idiom. II. Thesis/Subject: According to an idiom in the idiom dictionary, it reflects that a misfortune may turn into something positive while good luck may lead to a misfortune. III. Relevance to audience/Reason audience should listen: Everyone’s life has good or bad time. For good times, we feel complacent, but for bad times, we feel upset. Therefore, our emotion change all the time. IV. Speaker Credibility: I will use my own experiences, stories, and be prepared and show my confidence. V. Preview (Main Ideas/ Points): Even if a simple idiom, it contains a meaningful thought about our personal life. Transition: Now, I want to show my own stories to apply the idiom. Body I. Main Point #1 I will show my own experiences applied to the idiom. A. I got really poor score on my Accounting quiz, this is not the end of the world, because I can learn from my mistakes on the quiz and get it right on the exam. We will write a custom essay sample on Informative Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page B. I won a prize in a lottery, but I lost my purse on the way back home. Transition: Next, I want to show how this idiom affects my friends. II. Main Point #2 I will show my friends also have many ideas about this idiom. A. My roommate broke up with her boy friend; however, she worked harder than before and transferred to another college that was better than now. B. My friend who cheating on his economic exam got a high score, but his professor deemed him as dishonesty. Transition: Finally, these examples from my friends and me are the application of idiom. Conclusion I. Summary: This idiom makes my life become easier, and it helps me to get rid of some stressful and disappointed times. II. Creative closing thought or memorable conclusion: One part of the movie â€Å"The Pursuit of Happyness†. References in APA Format Informative Speech free essay sample When Jazz became popular in the end of the 1 9th, the trombone was Incorporated, and made famous by a man named Tommy Dorset, If not for him, the trombone would not be near as famous as It Is now (Monks). {Transition: Now that I have briefly talked about the history of the trombone, lets look at some different types of trombones. Trombones have many different makes, models, features, and sizes, all these factors play a role In determining the aesthetics and tone of the instrument. Today, the romaine generally has five different ranges under which It Is classified. These being: soprano, alto, tenor, bass, and contra-bass (Beanies). Special order trombones can be made but are usually not used in big band scenarios. Different brands of trombones include: Yamaha, Con, King, Bach, and Lealer, just to name a few. Tenor trombones are the most widely used type of trombone In classical and Jazz music. We will write a custom essay sample on Informative Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The reason Is because it is more versatile and has a wider range than any of the other types. Also it is the easiest to make. {Transition: The trombone may seem very confusing at first, but it Is quite simple to put together. Although the trombone Is made of many Individual parts, those parts are added to others until just three main parts are taken apart for daily use. 1 OFF slide, and the bell, each one attaching to the other respectively. The mouthpiece produces the sound, the slide alters the sound, and the bell projects the sound.The three main parts have extra (other parts that have little to no effect on the sound) parts that are attached to it. These parts include but are not limited to: spit valves, braces, tuning slides, slide locks, and horn attachments. (Transition: The technicalities of playing the instrument are numerous, but amplified, it is easy to know how to play. } Many people over-complicate the actual way to play the trombone, but with a simple raspberry one may produce sound on the trombone. Two things must work together En creating sound on the instrument, the diaphragm and the lips. Working in sync, one can create a buzz which is the center of sound for the trombone (Bursts). This is the fundamental starting point for sound. Although the buzz creates noise, the slide alters it, and with seven positions on the trombone slide, you can create a multitude of sounds and pitches that are different and unique. Internal Summary: I hope that I was able to give you insight into the history of the trombone and knowledge of how to play and put it together. Conclusion: ere next time you see a trombone in an orchestra, or a soloist in a music hall, try to remember the rich history behind the beautiful instrument. You could maybe even brag to your colleagues and show off what you know about the trombone. If not, then Ho can continue your life with the satisfaction of getting to know such a gorgeous piece of history. Norms Cited Gregg Monks.

Representation on Blondes in the Media free essay sample

Representation in the Media In present day media, there are numerous stereotypes of people that can be found, such as the popular jock or the dumb cheerleader. These stereotypes are displayed on television shows and others forms of media to add humour and make the shows more relatable to the viewer since many schools have such stereotypes. Many forms of media use social stereotypes as a way to provide the audience with a quick common understanding of the characters, so they base the stereotypes on their audience. Other forms of media use stereotypes to take the audience on a journey of social differences. Nevertheless, there are always a few stereotypes that are usually present in many forms of media, such as the â€Å"popular one†, the â€Å"dumb one†, the â€Å"smart one†, and so on. The general social stereotype of the popular, confident and attractive blonde woman is common in many forms of media. We will write a custom essay sample on Representation on Blondes in the Media or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They all demonstrate this particular woman as very social and confident in herself, but she can also be shown as somewhat unintelligent and rude. This stereotype is quite popular since it is something many people can relate to in their lives. Also, the media frequently portrays unintelligent blondes in a humorous manner, making the representation more enjoyable for the viewer. One depiction of an attractive blonde woman would be in the television show Gossip Girl, in which one of the main characters is Serena Van Der Woodsen, played by Blake Lively. The character of Serena Van Der Woodsen in Gossip Girl is of an attractive blonde woman who is very social and is loved by everyone. In the beginning of the show, Serena is disliked by her friends, but the problems are soon resolved due to Serena’s social personality. This social personality and popularity is a trait that is given to many blonde women in the fictional media, as it is something that is common in the real world and can be relatable to the viewers. Serena is also portrayed as a confident and audacious person, which are attributes common in illustrations of blonde women in the media. Another social representation of an attractive blonde woman is in the song â€Å"’Cause I’m a Blonde† by Julie Brown. This song is a successful representation of blonde women stereotypes because it addresses all the personality traits associated with a blonde woman in an upfront approach. With lyrics such as â€Å"I took an IQ test and I flunked it of course, I cant spell BW but I got a Porsche† and â€Å"I see girls without dates and I feel so sorry for them ‘cause whenever Im around, all the men ignore em†, the song addresses all the stereotypical claims against blonde women. This song establishes that blonde women are unintelligent but prosperous in terms of luxury goods, and that they are popular and adored by everyone. Similar to the media representation of Serena Van Der Woodsen in Gossip Girl, the blonde women in the song are shown as confident, popular and social. The difference between the two representations is that the song also addresses blonde women as being dumb. The third and final media representation that I have found of an attractive blonde woman is the movie character Regina George from Mean Girls. In the movie Mean Girls, Regina George is at the top of the social ladder in her high school. She is beautiful, mean, and blonde. Regina is feared and secretly hated at school by her peers, but her confidence and ego overpowers it all. Unlike many other media representations of blondes, Regina George is neither dumb nor nice. Although she’s not the stereotypical dumb blonde, her rude and ignorant personality fits that of a stereotypical blonde woman’s. However, similar to other representations of blondes, Regina George is very confident in herself. The portrayal of attractive blonde women in the media has become so popular that it would seem it is almost necessary to include this representation in a media source. This is not only because attractive blonde women are relatable and humorous, but also because there are many stereotypical personalities of a blonde that can be included. Social, confident, unintelligent, and rude being just a few of the popular traits. Some of the greatest misinterpretations of attractive blonde women in the media would be that they are unintelligent or rude. These traits come from within people and their social upbringing, not their hair colour, and therefore such traits cannot and should not be associated to their physical appearance. However the most dominant interpretation present in all three of the representations above would be the confidence and social personality of a blonde woman. This may be a misinterpretation, since not every blonde woman is confident and social, but I would agree that attractive blondes tend to be social and confident. References: http://tvtropes.org/

Virgie Ammons Patents a Fireplace Damper Actuating Tool

Virgie Ammons Patents a Fireplace Damper Actuating Tool Virgie Ammons was an inventor and woman of color who invented a device for dampening fireplaces. She received a patent for a fireplace damper actuating tool on September 30, 1975. Little is known about the life of Virgie Ammons. One source says she was born on Dec. 29, 1908 in Gaithersburg, Maryland and died on July 12, 2000. She lived in West Virginia for most of her life.  Ammons filed her patent on August 6, 1974, at which time she was living in Eglon, West Virginia. There is no information to be found about her education, training or profession. One unverified source says she was a self-employed caretaker and a practicing Muslim who attended services in Temple Hills. Fireplace Damper Actuating Tool - Patent US 3,908,633 A fireplace damper actuating tool is a tool that is used to open and close the damper on a fireplace. It keeps the damper from opening or fluttering in the wind.   If you have a fireplace or stove, you may be familiar with the sound of a fluttering damper. A damper is an adjustable plate that fits in the flue of a stove or the chimney of a fireplace. It helps control the draft into the stove or fireplace. Dampers could be a plate that slides across the air opening, or it could be fixed in place in the pipe or flue and turned so the angle allows more or less air flow. In the days when cooking was done on a stove that was powered by burning wood or coal, adjusting the flue was a way of controlling the temperature. Virgie Ammons may be have been familiar with these stoves, given her date of birth. She may also have lived in an area where electric or gas stoves were not common until later in her life. We have no details as to what her inspiration was for the fireplace damper actuating tool. With a fireplace, opening the damper allows more air to be drawn into the fireplace from the room and convey the heat up the chimney. More air flow can often result in more flames, but also in losing more heat rather than warming the room. Keeping the Damper Closed The patent abstract  says Ammons damper actuating tool addressed the problem of fireplace dampers that flutter and make noise when gusty winds affected the chimney Some dampers do not remain fully shut because they have to be light enough in weight so the operating lever can open them easily. This makes small differences in air pressure between the room and the upper chimney draw them open. She was concerned that even a slightly open damper could cause a significant loss of heat in winter, and could even result in loss of coolness in summer. Both would be a waste of energy. Her actuating tool allowed the damper to be closed and held closed. She noted that when not in use, the tool could be stored next to the fireplace. No information was found as to whether her tool was manufactured and marketed.

Affliction in the Land East of the Atlantic Thesis Proposal

Affliction in the Land East of the Atlantic - Thesis Proposal Example This is supplemented by individuals such as the Tsamaev brothers who perpetrated the Boston Bombings in April 2013. The U.S Army, Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps have shown a tendency of paying more attention to the Asia Pacific and this increases security risks because of the decreased attention and resources from countering Al Qaida and other terrorist groups (Jones, 2014).   It has to be noted that terrorist groups are advancing in terms of developing very complex methods of smuggling explosives onto U.S-bound aircraft via advanced designs and concealment methods. Such innovations include attempts that various terrorist groups are making in terms of finding out ways in which they can conceal bombs inside electronic items such as cameras, laptop computers and tape recorders, as well as seeking to make explosives with components that may not be detected by airport screeners (Jones, 2014). Given that terrorist groups have become more decentralized, the United States’ securi ty groups are lagging behind in terms of understanding the threat that these heterogeneous and decentralized movements pose to the country’s security. In terms of resources, technology and manpower adaptation to curb the sprouting transportation security, homeland securities lack an authentic counterterrorism strategy (Jones, 2014). Most cargo that is transported on passenger flights is not scrutinized as adequately as the people and baggage that travel on the same airplane. It is imperative to note that as much as.

Economic Development in East Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Economic Development in East Asia - Essay Example Many countries started the modern economic growth post Second World War while some other countries chose to start them according to their preference. The biggest developer Japan decided to use the modern economy from 1985, where as china implemented it from 1980s. It followed the economy policy and preferred market economies over central economy. From then it has been a growing stage for each country as well as the East Asia as a whole. Globalization created so much impact on all the countries and only some could withstand the era of Globalization. East Asian countries did not face this problem. They were strong enough to accept and change towards globalization, and from then there has been a continuous growth in all the countries. As politics played a major role in the development of a country, many countries could not improve their economic standard immediately. They had to cooperate with the government and abide by their rules and regulations. The growth and development was seen in starting up new industries and inventing new things.(Nabende 2003). Import and Export underwent a transformation. Countries like Japan and China started to manufacture their own products instead of importing them from other foreign countries. This in turn resulted in exporting goods manufactured by them to the other countries. Manufacturing companies started to produce textiles, technological products and other industrial and home appliances. The shares of each country were based on their development and some of them had a tough time due to the massive improvement of China and Japan. (Sycip 1996).There was also a growth on the education and employment, which gradually improved the economy. After some years, the government started providing monetary support to the countries, which made the development easier. The trade and its market started to improve; import and export decided a countries role to develop other nations. Though East Asian countries were experiencing growth, in the 1980s there was a setback which the countries found it difficult to cope up with. Some of them reported zero growth and import and export were affected. This condition improved after years of struggle and fight. Japan was leading in the development stage and it faced a severe competition with the improvement of United States. The value of dollar and Yen kept in fluctuating. There was a tough competition between them. Financial Crisis Financial crisis disturbed and turned down the improvement of almost all the countries in the world. East Asian countries were the worst hit by the financial crisis. There was a drop in their currency value too. (Greenwood 2005).The U.S dollar continued to dominate and countries like Japan and China had their currencies floating. The recovery from this crisis took some time and improvement seemed to be tough. Due to this crisis, trading operations totally came to a halt. Countries with good economies could manage, where as smaller countries started to suffer. Investment went down and they found it difficult to tide over the situation. But then after sometime the countries started to recover and the recovery was rather a shock to the other countries. With the help of the government, countries gained financial support and their trading, import, export and investment seemed to improve. Trade assignments between the East Asian countr

Ethics Of Sex Appeal In Advertising Media Essay

Ethics Of Sex Appeal In Advertising Media Essay This treatise puts forward the reality that advertisements with sexual undertones are remembered over and over again than advertisements that are not. The question to ask though is, how ethical is it to make use of sexual appeals in advertisements? And does sex really sells? Social comparison theory as instigated in 1954 by Festinger is used as the theoretical scaffold in this study as this premise states that individuals who have a longing to appraise their views, judgments and abilities can be satisfied by social comparisons with other people. At the end of this write-up, it attempts to recommend to media and advertising practitioners, that they need to apprise the audience who will be viewing their ads before putting sexual innuendos into their respective advertisement pieces; that they need to recognize the moral intricacy of sexual appeal in advertising and integrate that understanding in their strategic thought and when designing their commercial pieces. Quoting Henthorne and L aTour, (1994) as saying that, as the ethical considerations of society change over time, what is considered appropriate and acceptable in advertising must also change (p.88). Therefore, this study shares the idea of how imperative it is to incessantly reassess what society would consider suitable and consider the full level of consequences of their actions before advertising practitioners start considering what they make out as ethically acceptable. Introduction Every media consumer is alert to sex in advertising. Its pervasive use and misuse are constantly before us, and typically elicit strong criticism (Richmond and Hartland, 1982, p.53). As anyone can see, the employment of sex in advertising has been in our midst for several decades and the reason for it? It works. Advertisements with sexual undertones are remembered over and over again than advertisements that are not. The question to ask though is, how ethical is it to make use of sexual appeals in advertisements? Does sex sell? Actually, sex does not sell, but sexiness does (Cebrzynski, 2000, p. 14). By means of sex appeals in advertising is a good way to aim at specific market segments but not all. Questions like what is identified as sexual appeals in advertising? Where and when should sex be used? Does the use of sexual appeals lead to an advantage for brand remembrance? must be addressed exhaustively. Sex and the Media Today, sex permeates advertising in the United States and in many countries all over the world as contemporary society is extremely fixated with the demonstration of sex in the media as never before. The issue of whether sex sells could be countered by screening the massive quantities of billboards and classified ads which integrate some form of sex appeal or nudity (Pynor, 2004, p. 42). Several reasons have been provided with the use of sexually oriented themes, among them are to achieve product and brand attention, recognition, recall, and sales (Alexander and Judd, 1978, p. 47). Observably, sex is utilized to sell a wide array of products from cars to fashion products, and is meant to attract not only the male customers, but female, consumers as well. The employment of sex as an instrument in advertising can be traced back to the 1800s when the advertising industry noticed the beneficial effect of using degrees of sexuality in their advertising drives. These economic gains include above all else an increase in revenue due to the point of difference that sexual schemes provide for the product. Sometimes, the use of sex also affords shock-value that frequently triggers social debate and helps in the product promotions continuing recall. Author of The Erotic History of Advertising Tom Reichert has this to say Many real-life examples from the 1800s to the present exist to suggest that it has worked, and does work, to inflame not only consumers libidos but their motivations and desires to make purchases. In some cases, sex in advertising contributes to the building of strong, vibrant and long-lasting brands (Reichert, 2003, p. 9). As it is, the incessant use of sex in advertising from the 1800s until these days is a demonstration of the fact that it is an effective tool that works for advertisers. Literature Review Sex Appeal in Advertising Advertising is one of the most prolific and all-encompassing forms of communication in the world (Reichert, 2003, p.20). This type of company to customer communication lifts several concerns about the ethics of advertising because its practice is very convincing and powerful (Treise and Weigold, 1994). Advertising has turned to become an excellent way for business firms to create a positive image for them and for the public to easily adapt to such image. Image creation is a public relations approach that has increasingly aimed young adults and teens because they are not interested on conventional direct advertising (Goodman and Dretzin, 1999), obviously, advertisers target the demographic group of young adults and teens because they account for a huge amount of American consumer spending. The practice of utilizing sex appeal in advertising is nothing new. Sexual images (nudity) can be found in advertisements as far back as the late 1800s and in the early 1900s, it was used to sell soaps, perfumes and creams. These advertisements claimed to transform any woman to become sexier for a mans pleasure and as sex advertising boomed in the 40s and 50s, controversy abound. Until today, a lot of business enterprises find sex appeal as an effective tactic in advertising. When Maidenform bras began to use models with their shirts off, it became the number one bra company and when Jovan fragrance used sexuality to sell its product, company revenues soared from $1.5 million to $77 million in just seven years (Reichert, 2003). In a 1981 study conducted by Reid and Soley, advertisements were more likely to be appealing and immediately recognized if an attractive endorse is used (Severn and Belch, 1990). In another survey, 32% of consumers confessed that there is strong likelihood of them buying a product if it uses an advertisement with strong sexual undertones (Fetto, 2001). Capitalizing on the idea of sex appeal, people sell their products with the notion that such product is for sexy people and to own that specific product can make any person sexy. Such sexiness can be depicted through the clothes being worn, the models poses, the lighting being used in the advertisement, positioning of the models or in their facial expressions, location used, and interaction. Likewise, companies employ this idea to connect the company image with allure and prestige. As it is, sexuality associates brands with sexual activities and increased attractiveness, something desired by consumers (Reichert, 2001/2003). Although the argument that wanton sexual appeals generate off-putting results because of perceptions of disreputable and scheming practices is basic and extremely valid, it also assumes a deliberative, cognitive mechanism. Past research investigations have found that the process of judging whether a persuasive message infringes ethical standards or not demands cognitive effort (Campbell and Kirmani, 2000). Yet end users characteristically spend little time and effort when viewing an ad (Sengupta and Gorn, 2002; Burnett and Moriarty 1998; Kassarjian, 1977). Hence, it is imperative to understand reactions to improper sex appeals under thin slice processing (Ambady, Bernieri, and Richeson, 2000), such as when consumers view ads under constricted cognitive capacity. Without a doubt, unstructured, spur-of-the-moment, uncontrolled responses may be quite different from more cautiously considered responses in the sphere of sex-based advertising. Recent research by Sengupta and Dahl (2008) examined non-deliberative reactions to the gratuitous use of sex in advertising. Men and women in these experiments were placed under high cognitive load while viewing an ad that showed an unequivocal sexual image and a nonsexual image. Unlike previous research that has found that both men and women abhor the gratuitous use of sex in advertising, a gender difference surfaced under constrained conditions, that is, men preferred more the advertisement containing a sexual image (compared to the nonsexual image) whereas women reported considerably adverse mind-sets toward the overtly sexual ad compared to the nonsexual advertisement. Basically, sexual imagery sets off an emotional response or reaction. In other words, viewers are, all things being equal, favorably energized by sexual information (Reichert, 2007, p. 6). With this in mind, advertising organizations employ sex in several different ways to try and convince and influence end users to purchase a product. Individuals seek out and are willing to pay for sexual content in mainstream media (Reichert, 2007, p. 7), an example of this reality is the sale in millions of copies of Cosmopolitan and Maxim each month. These magazines ads have become more competitive and risquà © due to the idea that an ad needs to be noticeable and must draw attention. Some advertisers may push the boundaries of acceptable sexual content because of direct competitive pressure. Certain product marketers utilize a higher proportion of sexual appeals than other marketers because of the nature of the product and the relevance of sex to product benefits (Reichert and Carpenter, 2004). Another approach being used to draw customer attention is the idea that upon purchasing a product, such will make the buyer more sexually attractive, or can have more sex or can have a better sex life (Reichert, 2007), thus, people who are seeking for such qualities are more likely to pay for a product if the ads are sexually evocative. Gender Expression, Sexuality and Advertising This rather outmoded depiction of gender and expression of sexuality continues to be exploited in modern-day advertisements principally because it is an unbeaten prescription that brings in financial incentive and this will continue as long as women believe even if only for a brief moment that acquiring the advertised product will bring them one step closer to attaining the unattainable. As what was pointed out: those who are dissatisfied with their looks, their bodies, their status, make great consumers (Lee, 2003, p. 134). Furthermore, Nancy Etcoff (2000) sums it up well: to tell people not to take pleasure in beauty is like telling them to stop enjoying food or sex or novelty or love. This is an impracticable likelihood because to like and to want is instinctive in human character. Advertisers are intensely conscious of this as they create advertisements filled with representations of dazzling, extremely sensuous women. Women as Primary Focus? For many decades, numerous people believed that women are the major focus of sex appeals employed in advertising, however, this is not necessarily correct. It is true that women look as if they are the target most recognized in sexual appeals, but men have been targeted more recently. If women have often been the targets of sexual advertising, it is because it appears to work in many cases. As it is, sex is a potent and a convenient method of obtaining male attention and making a product desirable and in advertising, it is easy to get a mans attention by using womens bodies and associate it to the idea of getting the women as well if he buys the product (Taflinger, 1996, p.8). The most well known target of women as sexual appeals has been in beer commercials. Usually the ads go something like this a beautiful woman is sitting at a bar and a man comes up and she does not notice him at all. Then he orders a certain kind of beer and all of the sudden, he is desirable to this woman. They then get caught up in the moment and ultimately the man gets this woman (because of the beer). Another example of the man getting the hot woman because of a particular product that supposedly makes the man more desirable to the women is the AXE advertisement. AXE is a body spray for men. In the commercial, the men who use AXE get beautiful women. In fact, AXE is so effective that if in any way you come in contact with this body spray, you will be instantly wanted. There is also a commercial which features an old man getting a young, hot woman because of the AXE effect. Women are exploited repeatedly in advertising as sex appeals. But, some do not become conscious that these advertisements are often aimed at women as well. Victorias Secret is a classic example of this. Advertisers obviously want women to think that if they purchase Victorias Secret products, they could look like those stunning, sexy endorsers on the commercials seen on television or in the print ads. Obviously, these bra and panties are not going to look very good on just anyone, however, at first glance, a woman could think, wow, she looks splendid; I should get that outfit so I can look that good too. In truth, women are not the only focus in sexual appeal advertising. Men play a huge part as well. According to Taflinger (1996), It is rare for advertising to use sex as an appeal for women. Women are often less interested in the sex act itself for its own sake. They are interested in sex for what it can mean in the future. They may enjoy it as much as men, but for them it has far greater significance. Advertising cannot take advantage of a womans instinctive sexual desire because advertisings job is not to build for the future-it is to sell a product now (p. 6). Here, Taflinger attempts to elucidate the fact that women are not interested in sexual appeals on television, rather, they are interested in sex for their future. Although this seems to be correct in some instances, it is questionable when thinking about all of the ads that target men as the sex selling object. Sex Appeal and Product Branding Sex in advertising can also produce positive mind-sets and sentiments about the ad or product brand. Using catchphrases are huge in the industry along with sexual overtones. A popular example is Las Vegass tagline what happens here, stays here (Reichert, 2007). This is very indicative and interesting; people want to go to Vegas so they can find out for themselves what its all about. Sex in advertising is controversial and it is vital to reflect on consumers outlooks and points of view. While many feel there is too much sex in advertising (Treise and Weigold, 1994), most people feel that if sexual commercials are crafted with relevance and aptness, these are more likely to be accepted (Gould, 1994; Treise and Weigold, 1994). Innately, concerns and apprehensions crop up when sex appeal usage are viewed by unintended (Gould, 1994). Similar disquiet appears when advertisers target teens and young adults with these advertisements. There are concerns that these advertisements are venerated by young people and teach these young adults improper conduct (Reichert, 2001). Negative facets of this target audience advertising consist of women idolizing the sexual models being used to endorse a product and compare themselves to the advertisements (Gould, 1994). In a survey, 55.2% of respondents agreed sexual advertisements influence a teens decision to be sexually active (Tre ise and Weigold, 1994). However, the idea in advertising is give and take; the media learns from teens and teens learn from the media (Goodman and Dretzin, 1999). One cannot exclusively say who manipulates whom, so much so that even though end users anxieties arise, sex continues to be used as an powerful advertising approach. Reichert and Carpenter found that the level of sexual advertisements has remained constant from 1993 and 2003; the only thing that had increased was the females level of dressing as it has become more provocative and sometimes offensive (2004, p. 828). It is fascinating to note that some research investigations found the degree of sexuality actually increased over time. Reichert and Carpenter (2004) conducted an extension of a study that evaluated the degree of sex in 1983 and 1993. Magazine advertisements particularly were content analyzed from 2003 and compared with the issues of the previous years. The general outcomes signified that women not only persisted to be represented in a sexual manner, but that the degree of sexuality increased over time. For instance, advertising became extensively more overt from 1983 to 2003 and clothing (or lack of it as the case may be) largely contributed to this. Results revealed that in 1983 only 28% of female models wore sexually explicit clothes. This rose by 75% in 2003 when 49% of models were dressed in sexual attire. Thus, in 2003 virtually half of the models featured were shown with less rather than more clothing to be exact, in 2003 almost 4 out of 5 women who appeared in ads were sugge stively dressed, partially clad, or nude (Reichert and Carpenter, 2004)). Moreover, the images of women that were most sexually explicit were featured in mens magazines. As Linder (2004) found, general interest magazines, such as Time contained the least degree of sexualized images, when compared with magazines aimed predominantly at men and women. The increase of sexuality over time could be associated with the likeness of products that are available today. It is presumed that in 1983 there was not such an immense collection of products available on the market, and therefore did not need to be distinguished from each other to such a great degree. Furthermore, in those years, advertisers were rendered inadequate by the capability of computer graphic technologies. This is definitely not the case today and advertisers frequently resort to stimulating images to make a distinction between similar products. Particularly, according to Reichert and Carpenter, specific merchandise are promoted in a more sexual manner due to the character of the product, such as fragrance and clothing (although clothing is also often used as a means to sexualize other products). Theoretical Framework People are continuously evaluating themselves with others and this is certainly no exception when addressing advertising, particularly among women. According to Stapel and Blanton (2004), an important source of self-knowledge comes from other people. Human beings maintain a sense of who they are by contrasting their own capabilities and characteristics to other people. This so-called social comparison theory was instigated in 1954 by Festinger, who hypothesized that individuals have a longing to appraise their views, judgments and abilities that can be satisfied by social comparisons with other people. Using this premise as a scaffold, many studies have been carried out, predominantly in reference to females which raise the question does advertising take advantage of consumer tendencies to alter their body or image of themselves by creating anxieties and discontent with the self? Relative to its effect on adolescent girls which Martin and Gentry (1997) studied, the answer is yes, advertisers especially of young fashion magazines do exploit this mindset among adolescent girls, who evaluate their physical beauty with that of models in the advertisements. Martin and Gentrys study has proven that, consistent with the social comparison theory, female pre-adolescents and adolescents self-perceptions and self-esteem can be destructively impinged on when self-evaluation takes place. Other studies have suggested that advertising can have a vital role in creating and highlighting a fixation with physical charm (Downs and Harrison, 1985), and may manipulate consumers awareness of what is an adequate level of physical attractiveness (Martin and Kennedy, 1993). This conception of advertisers taking advantage of consumers perception of themselves is unswervingly associated with sex appeal in advertising. Recently, advertisers have endeavored into a contentious area with their use of female sexual images and a focus on distinct body parts, language and sex-role portrayals. These advertisers are profoundly conscious that sex appeal in an advertisement has the capacity to exert a pull on women on the premise of social comparison. In a study conducted by Craik, Clarke, and Kirkup (1998), women who were sensitive of stereotypes and were even aware of the spuriousness of the industry still desperately want to imitate these images. Such is the explanation why advertisers reportedly pay huge amounts of money every year to have their products endorsed by alluring and well-admired women, since their beauty or personality is assumed to add dazzle to the products they promote (Langmeyer and Shank, 1994). Recommendations For media and advertising practitioners, it is important to apprise the audience who will be viewing the ads before putting sexual innuendos into the advertisement piece. Advertisers need to recognize the moral intricacy of sexual appeal in advertising and integrate that understanding in their strategic thought and when designing their commercial pieces. As what Henthorne and LaTour, (1994) stated, as the ethical considerations of society change over time, what is considered appropriate and acceptable in advertising must also change (p.88). Hence, it is imperative to incessantly reassess what society would consider suitable and consider the full level of consequences of their actions before considering for what they make out as ethically acceptable.

Money management Essay

Ever since trading began, money existed, thus, it can be said that money and trading co-exists. The earliest form of money is actually very different from what we are using nowadays in this modern world. The history of money begins around 2500 years ago. Money is any clearly identifiable object of value that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts within a market or which is legal tender within a country. Barter Barter is a system of exchange in which goods or services are directly exchanged for other goods and services. No money is needed in barter system as it does not involve the process of buying and selling. Although there is no evidence pointing towards a society or economy relies solely on barter system, it is believed that barter basically dominated the pre-historical world and at that time, people would just exchange things according to necessity. Thus, barter system can be said to be a primitive form of money as it contributes towards the birth of money. There are several complications of barter system : Absence of common measure of value: In a monetary economy, money plays the role of a measure of value of all goods, so their values can be measured against each other; this role may be absent in a barter economy. Indivisibility of certain goods: If a person wants to buy a certain amount of another’s goods, but only has for payment one indivisible unit of another good which is worth more than what the person wants to obtain, a barter transaction cannot occur. Lack of standards for deferred payments: This is related to the absence of a common measure of value, although if the debt is denominated in units of the good that will eventually be used in payment, it is not a problem. Difficulty in storing wealth: If a society relies exclusively on perishable goods, storing wealth for the future may be impractical. However, some barter economies rely on durable goods like pigs or cattle for this purpose. Adapted from Wikipedia Statement of the problem It was discovered that only a small portion among university students actually know how to manage their money well. Most of university students are still struggling with basic money management. They do not have enough of a handle on their cash flow to spend less than they get from their loans. In other words, poor money management such as overspending is the main cause of this problem among the university students. Purpose The purposes of the study is to investigate money management of the students in UniSZA. Objectives 1) To investigate the way of the students in UniSZA spend their money 2) To determine the main cause of monetary problem for students in UniSZA. 3) To suggest the ways to solve monetary problems faced by students in UniSZA by providing them with the best money management plan. Research questions 1) How do the students in UniSZA spend their money? 2) What is the main cause of monetary problem for students in UniSZA 3) How can the problems faced by students in UniSZA be solved? Significance of the Study It is an undeniable fact that university life and normal daily life do have differences when it comes to money management. The author of the article wrote that university students should be taught the value of money as they will be earning their own very soon. This is true. University is a boundary that separates us from the real world, the working world. Without proper management of wealth, especially for students, it could spell disaster. Not only there would be butterflies flying out the purse and holes being burnt in the wallet, bank account could also stumble to single digit and finally naught. Things might get worst when they enter the society without knowing concerning money management and if this situation occurs, their bright future might be at stake and this could jeopardize their chances to succeed in life. Thus, financial management should start early, when there’s still money in the bank account for one to manage. For students in UniSZA like us, we might often be bothered by monetary problems. We don’t know where our money went to. Well, they do not just disappear into the thin air, nor would they escape from our wallet, thus, we must know where we spent our money on so that we can cut down on expenses and inculcate proper financial management. As university students, there’re a few money management skills that should be practiced and here are some explanations that may provide some insight or clues for one to properly manage his or her money so as to get the most out of one’s money. #1 Have a plan for it There’s a saying goes, those who fail to plan, plans to fail. Thus, proper money management starts with a plan for our money. For the study loan such as PTPTN, bursary or JPA scholarship received each semester, we should have a plan for it so that everything would go on smoothly. Knowing the debits and credits is equally important here and tracking our own expenses is surely a must as we can track all the unneeded stuff we bought by keeping the receipt of the things we’ve bought and later revise on our spending to cut down expenditure. Getting ourselves organized and preparing and jotter to jot down our expenditure is also a brilliant idea. #2 Understand our financial aid and financial status As university students, one of the best steps towards proper financial management may be to add up all our income and also the money we’ll need to fork out. Income includes the money allowance given by the governments, student loan, scholarships, bursaries etc. Bursaries, on the other hand offers RM 2550 for bursary recipients. Bursary is actually money given to students as a kind of financial aid. In this content, bursary is eligible for students who got 9A+ and above in their SPM. Besides, we can also look out for scholarships such as JPA. By being aware of our financial status, we can look into every nook and cranny of our daily life to save money. Take ATM machines for example, it may charge card holder of other banks some additional fee whenever transaction is made, thus, by being aware of this, we can take the measurements needed and save money. We should also be cautious towards burglary as that is the worst possible way for one to lose  money. #3 Use the available tools towards our benefit We should also use the benefits meant for students to our advantage. When buying books, going for a movie and buying food, for example, we can produce discount cards exclusive for students in order to enjoy discounts. Though it’s not a whole lot of money we’re saving, it could sum up to a considerable amount of money over time. For example, Kad siswa which was launched a few years ago provides card holders with a plethora of discounts in almost anything. Besides, 1 Malaysia book voucher is another tool available that would be of great help in our money management. Scope of Study The report will cover the methodology for money management of students in UniSZA. Survey and research will be done in order to get the results before discussion about the findings. The main points of the report will be summed up as the conclusion and some suggestions for solving monetary problems faced by students in UniSZA will be found.